Publications

SAMPLING PUBLICATIONS 03/2007

Dilution and conditioning methodology

Abdul-Khalek, I. S., et al. (2000), Nanoparticle Growth During Dilution and Cooling of Diesel Exhaust: Experimental Investigation and Theoretical Assessment. SAE Technical Paper Series. 2000-01-0514.

Barouch Giechaskiel, Leonidas Ntziachristos, Zissis Samaras, Volker Scheer, Roberto Casati and Rainer Vogt, Formation potential of vehicle exhaust nucleation mode particles on-road and in the laboratory, Atmospheric Environment, Volume 39, Issue 18, June 2005, Pages 3191-3198

Kittelson, D., Abdul-Khalek, I., Brear, F., (1999) The Influence of Dilution Conditions on Diesel Exhaust Particle Size Distribution Measurements. SAE Paper No. 1999-01-1142

Lamminen, E., Mikkanen, P., Ojanen, J., (2003) Sampling parameter & performance evaluation during controlled dilution of diesel exhaust. Poster presentation at European Aerosol Conference, Madrid, Spain 2003.

Lamminen, E., Mikkanen, P., Ojanen, J., (2003) Sampling parameter effect on the particle size distribution during controlled dilution. Proceedings of the 2003 8th ETH conference on combustion generated nanoparticles, Zurich, Swizerland.

Lamminen E., Mikkanen P., Ojanen J., Vaaraslahti K. and Keskinen J., (2005) Sampling and Engine After-Treatment Effect On Diesel Exhaust Particle Size Distributions, SAE Technical Paper Series 2005-01-0192.

Lappi, M., Vesala, H., Virtanen, A., Keskinen, J., Hillamo, R., Mäkelä, T., Ålander, T. & Raunemaa, T. 2002. Effect of Dilution and Conditioning on Particle Size and Composition of Car Exhaust. FISITA 2002 World Automotive Congress Proceedings, Paper Code: F02E073.

Maricq M, Chase R, Podsiadlik D, Vogt R (1999) Vehicle Exhaust Particle Size Distributions: A Comparison of Tailpipe and Dilution Tunnel Measurements. SAE Technical Paper No. 1999-01-1461

Mathis, U. Ristimäki J, Mohr M, Keskinen J, (2002) Influencing parameters of nanoparticle formation from diesel exhaust, Proceedings of the 6th International ETHConference on Nanoparticle Measurements 19.–21. August, 2002.

Mathis, U., Ristimäki, J., Mohr, M., Keskinen, J., Ntziachristos, L., Samaras, Z., Mikkanen, P. 2004. Sampling Conditions for the Measurement of Nucleation Mode Particles. Aerosol Science & Technology, Vol. 38, No 12, pp. 1149-1160.

Ntziachristos, L. and Samaras, Z. (2000) Sampling Conditions Effects on Real-Time Particle Measurements from a Light Duty Vehicle, SAE Technical paper series 2000-01-2049.

Ristimaki, J., (2001), Nanoparticle Formation During Diesel Exhaust Dilution. Department of Electrical Engineering. Tampere University of Technology: 62pp.

Shi, J. P., and Harrison, R. M. (1999). Investigation of Ultrafine Particle Formation During Diesel Exhaust Dilution, Environ. Sci. Technol. 33:3730–3736.

Vaaraslahti, K., Virtanen, A., Ristimäki J. and Keskinen J. (2004) Effect of After-Treatment Systems on Size Distribution of Heavy Duty Diesel Exhaust Aerosol, SAE 2004-01-1980

Vaaraslahti, K., Virtanen, A., Ristimäki, J., Keskinen, J. (2004) Nucleation mode formation in heavy duty diesel exhaust with and without a particulate filter. Environmental Science and Technology 38, 4884-4890.

Dilution and conditioning instrument specifications and comparisons 

Barouch Giechaskiel, Leonidas Ntziachristos and Zissis Samaras, Calibration and modelling of ejector dilutors for automotive exhaust sampling, 2004 Meas. Sci. Technol. 15 2199-2206

Lamminen E., Mikkanen P. and Ojanen J., (2004), Evaluation of standard and non-standard sampling systems. Proceedings of AAAR 2004, Atlanta, Georgia, U.S.

Lamminen E., Mikkanen P., Pyykönen J., Ristimäki J., Miettinen M., Keskinen J. and Jokiniemi J., (2005) Effects of perforated tube dilution in combustion processes, Proceedings of the AAAR 2005, Austin, Texas, U.S.

Lyyränen, J., Jokiniemi, J., Kauppinen, E., Backman, U. and Vesala, H. (2004) Comparison of Different Dilution Methods for Measuring Diesel Particle Emissions, Aerosol Science and Technology, 38:12–23

Mikkanen, M.P., Nitziachristos, L. & Keskinen, J. 2001. Conditioning the automotive exhaust sample with a thermodenuder. Journal of Aerosol Science 32, Suppl. 1. S81–S82. Abstracts of the 2001 European Aerosol Conference, September 3–7 Leipzig.

Mikkanen, P., Moisio, M., Keskinen, J., Ristimäki, J., Marjamäki, M. (2001). Sampling Method for Particle Measurements of Vehicle Exhaust, SAE Technical paper series 2001-01-0219

Mikkanen P., Lamminen E. and Ojanen J., (2003), Stack sampling with dilution for fine particle measurement, Proceedings of AAAR 2003, Anaheim, California, U.S.

Mikkanen P., Lamminen E., Ojanen J. and Niemelä V., (2003) Sample conditioning for automotive applications. Proceedings of AAC 2003, Hong Kong, China.

Mikkanen P., Lamminen E., Ojanen J., Ålander T., Yli-Pirilä P. and Raunemaa T., (2003), Sample conditioning with dilution for fine particle measurement, Proceedings of AWMA 2003, Washington D.C., U.S.

Ntziachristos L., Giechaskiel B., Pistikopoulos P., Samaras Z., Mathis U., Mohr M., Ristimäki J., Keskinen J., Mikkanen P., Casati R., Scheer V., Vogt R. (2004) Performance evaluation of a novel sampling and measurement system for exhaust particle characterization. SAE Technical Paper No.2004-01-1439

Standards 

Characterisation of Exhaust Particulate Emissions from Road Vehicles (PARTICULATES), European Commission – DG TrEn, 5th Framework ProgrammeCompetitive and Sustainable Growth Sustainable Mobility and Intermodality, Final Report, available at: http://lat.eng.auth.gr/particulates/deliverables/Particulates_D16.pdf

Directive 1999/96/EC of the European Parliament and of the council of 13 December 1999

Directive 91/441/EEC of the European parliament and of the council of 13 October 1998